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ATLANTA (AP) — According to a newly unsealed affidavit, the FBI utilized outdated fraud allegations—many already scrutinized thoroughly—to secure a search warrant for seizing ballots from Fulton County election offices in Georgia. This investigation traces back to a referral from an administration official who aimed to assist President Donald Trump in reversing his defeat in the 2020 election.
The affidavit reveals the rationale behind an FBI search conducted last month, focusing on a county that Trump and his supporters have long pinpointed as pivotal to their false narrative that the 2020 election was rigged. It refers to fraud claims that have been repeatedly asserted over the years, despite being debunked by audits, state officials, courts, and even Trump’s former attorney general, who all concluded there were no widespread issues capable of changing the election results.
The investigation’s origins can be traced to Kurt Olsen, an advisor to Trump during the unsuccessful legal battles contesting the 2020 election. Olsen, who now holds a position as an administration official, is overseeing efforts to probe the circumstances surrounding Trump’s electoral loss, as stated in the affidavit.
The search in Fulton County, a predominantly Democratic area, sparked immediate concern among Democrats. They feared Trump was leveraging the FBI and Justice Department to exact revenge over his unrelenting stolen election claims. The situation was further complicated by the unusual involvement of Tulsi Gabbard, the nation’s director of national intelligence. Notably, the affidavit does not mention any evidence of foreign interference in the 2020 election, despite persistent conspiracy theories among Trump supporters about potential tampering with the vote count.
In the 2020 election, Democrat Joe Biden secured victory in Georgia by a margin of approximately 11,800 votes, in a process managed by a Republican secretary of state and certified by a Republican governor.
Georgia officials fighting in court for the return of the ballots have decried the search, with Fulton County Chairman Robb Pitts on Tuesday calling the allegations “recycled rumors, lies, untruths and unproven conspiracy theories.”
“These accusations have already been debunked, but here we go again on a merry-go-round,” Pitts said. “Fulton County will fight. We’ll fight this with every resource that’s at our disposal and we will not stop fighting.”
Uncertainty over whether any crime was committed
The affidavit says the FBI is examining possible “deficiencies or defects” in the Fulton County vote count, including its admission that it does not have scanned images of all the ballots counted during the original count or the recount. Fulton County has also confirmed that some ballots were scanned multiple times during the recount, the affidavit says.
“If these deficiencies were the result of intentional action, it would be a violation of federal law regardless of whether the failure to retain records or the deprivation of a fair tabulation of a vote was outcome determinative for any particular election or race,” the document says.
The affidavit says seizure of the election records was necessary to determine whether any records “were destroyed and or the tabulation of votes included materially false votes.” It cites potential violations of a law regarding the preservation and retention of election records, a misdemeanor. It also cites a law that makes it a crime to “knowingly and willfully” deprive residents of a “fair and impartially conducted election process,” which is a felony.
But the document also expresses uncertainty about whether the potential defects constitute a crime, noting that elections in Fulton County have already been the subject of multiple reviews.
Previous investigations found disorganization, but no evidence of fraud
Investigations into complaints by the secretary of state’s office, an independent monitor and a performance review by the state elections board, which came at the urging of the Republican-controlled legislature, reached similar conclusions.
After a particularly disastrous primary election in 2020, an independent monitor was hired to observe the general election that year as part of an agreement between the county and the State Election Board. He documented “sloppy processes” and “systemic disorganization” but found no evidence of illegality or fraud.
Republican state lawmakers in 2021 used a provision of a new law to initiate a performance review of the county’s election practices. That review found that the county’s elections had been characterized by “disorganization and a lack of a sense of urgency in resolving issues.” But it also found the county had shown marked improvement.
According to the affidavit, the review board stated, “we do not see any evidence of fraud, intentional misconduct, or large systematic issues that would have affected the result of the November 2020 election.”
Many of the 2020 election claims were thoroughly investigated
One of the central allegations is that someone inserted 17,852 “duplicate” ballot images into the Fulton County file. But the affidavit quotes one witness as noting that those potentially fake images were actually more pro-Trump than the confirmed Fulton County votes. This indicated to the witness, the affidavit states, “that the introduction of duplicate ballots was intended to make the recount numbers match more than to affect the outcome of the election.”
That was a similar conclusion as that of investigators with the Georgia Secretary of State’s office, the affidavit adds, saying the Republican-run office found the error “not intentional misconduct.”
Another allegation focuses on “pristine” absentee ballots that an unnamed poll manager said she saw when the ballots were counted by hand. She said the ballots were not folded as they would have been if they were put in an envelope, felt different from the other ballots and were all filled in the same, the affidavit says.
A former official with the secretary of state’s office told the FBI that there would be unfolded absentee ballots in every election because they would be generated by vote review panel members when they examined damaged ballots.
Investigators with the secretary of state’s office looked into claims of pristine ballots in 2021, pulling boxes and batches identified by a woman who had worked as an auditor during the hand count, and found no evidence to support her claims.
County seeks return of seized equipment
Agents armed with a warrant spent hours on Jan. 28 at the county elections hub, just south of Atlanta, before driving off with trucks loaded with hundreds of cartons of election materials.
A week after the seizure, Fulton County officials filed a motion seeking the return of the materials that had been taken and the unsealing of the sworn statement presented to the judge who signed off on the search. The warrant sought the seizure of the following documents related to the 2020 election in the county: all ballots, tabulator tapes from the scanners that tally the votes, electronic ballot images created when the ballots were counted and then recounted, and all voter rolls.
“Claims that the 2020 election results were fraudulent or otherwise invalid have been exhaustively reviewed and, without exception, refuted,” the county argued in a court filing.
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Associated Press writer Nicholas Riccardi in Denver contributed to this report.