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The crew of the Artemis II mission aboard the Orion space capsule etched their names into the annals of history once more early this morning.
By approximately 4 a.m. AEST, these four astronauts became the most distant human travelers ever, shattering the previous record for the farthest distance traveled from Earth.
This record, previously set at 400,171 kilometers by the Apollo 13 crew in 1970, has now been surpassed.
Marking this monumental achievement, astronaut Jeremy Hansen shared an inspiring message with the world.
“Most importantly, let this moment inspire both this generation and the next to ensure this record is not held for long,” he declared from aboard the capsule.
Hansen, on behalf of the crew, also asked for a new lunar crater they had observed to be named after mission commander Reid Wiseman’s late wife Carroll, who died of cancer in 2020.
The four astronauts embraced as they soared past humanity’s furthest reach.
They are expected to surpass Apollo 13’s record by more than 6600km as they complete their lunar flyby, which begins this morning.
The astronauts started the momentous day with the voice of Apollo 13 commander Jim Lovell, who recorded a wake-up message just two months before his death last August.
“Welcome to my old neighbourhood,” said Lovell, who also flew on Apollo 8, humanity’s first lunar visit.
“It’s a historic day and I know how busy you’ll be, but don’t forget to enjoy the view.”
They took up with them the Apollo 8 silk patch that accompanied Lovell to the moon, and showed it off as the crucial flyby approached. “It’s just a real honour to have that on board with us,” said Wiseman. “Let’s go have a great day.”
Artemis II is using the same manoevre that Apollo 13 did after its “Houston, we’ve had a problem” oxygen tank explosion wiped out any hope of a moon landing.
Known as a free-return lunar trajectory, this no-stopping-to-land route takes advantage of Earth and the moon’s gravity, reducing the need for fuel. It’s a celestial figure-eight that will put the astronauts on course for home, once they emerge from behind the moon Monday evening.
The astronauts will be out of communication with Earth for about 45 minutes at the farthest edge of their trip.
Wiseman, Hansen, pilot Victor Glover and Christina Koch were on track to pass as close as 6550km to the moon, as their Orion capsule whips past it, hangs a U-turn and then heads back toward Earth. It will take them four days to get back, with a splashdown in the Pacific concluding their test flight on Friday.
Their expected speed at closest approach to the moon: 5052km/hr.
Wiseman and his crew spent years studying lunar geography to prepare for the big event, adding solar eclipses to their repertoire during the past few weeks. By launching last Wednesday, they ensured themselves of a total solar eclipse from their vantage point behind the moon, courtesy of the cosmos.
Topping their science target list: Orientale Basin, a sprawling impact basin with three concentric rings, the outermost of which stretches nearly 950km across.
Other sightseeing goals: the Apollo 12 and 14 landing sites from 1969 and 1971, respectively, as well as fringes of the south polar region, the preferred locale for future touchdowns. Farther afield, Mercury, Venus, Mars and Saturn – not to mention Earth – will be visible.
Their moon mentor, NASA geologist Kelsey Young, expects thousands of pictures.
“People all over the world connect with the moon. This is something that every single person on this planet can understand and connect with,” she said on the eve of the flyby, wearing eclipse earrings.
Artemis II is NASA’s first astronaut moonshot since Apollo 17 in 1972. It sets the stage for next year’s Artemis III, which will see another Orion crew practice docking with lunar landers in orbit around Earth. The culminating moon landing by two astronauts near the moon’s south pole will follow on Artemis IV in 2028.
While Artemis II may be taking Apollo 13’s path, it’s most reminiscent of Apollo 8 and humanity’s first lunar visitors who orbited the moon on Christmas Eve 1968 and read from the Book of Genesis.
Glover said flying to the moon during Christianity’s Holy Week brought home for him “the beauty of creation.” Earth is an oasis amid “a whole bunch of nothing, this thing we call the universe” where humanity exists as one, he observed over the weekend.
“This is an opportunity for us to remember where we are, who we are, and that we are the same thing and that we’ve got to get through this together,” Glover said, clasping hands with his crewmates.
With Associated Press.
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