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Here’s what you need to know about melioidosis, what’s causing it to spread, and your risk.
What is melioidosis?
Melioidosis bacteria can come to the surface during periods of heavy rainfall and flooding.
Melioidosis is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, a bacterium found in soil and mud. Source: Getty / Smith Collection/Gado
This means the risk of infection is heightened during the wet season, which runs from October to April.
It doesn’t typically spread from people or animals.
How many melioidosis cases have been detected in Australia this year?
The Northern Territory has recorded 28 cases since October, five of which were reported in the week to 19 February.
What are the symptoms of melioidosis?
Anyone concerned about possible melioidosis symptoms is advised to visit their local GP, health clinic or hospital.
How is melioidosis treated?
Once you’re discharged, you’ll likely also need to take antibiotics for around another three to six months.
If left untreated, melioidosis can lead to severe pneumonia and blood poisoning. Source: Getty / skaman306
The melioidosis mortality rate in Australia is estimated to be less than 10 per cent, according to Queensland Health. In Thailand, it’s up to 40 per cent.
“Investing in better detection methods and new antibiotic treatments is essential — not just for this disease, but for strengthening our ability to respond to emerging bacterial threats in the future,” Elborune said.
Who’s most at risk?
The risk is also higher for those who drink a lot of alcohol, take medicines that affect their immune system, or are First Nations.
Why has there been a surge in melioidosis cases and deaths?
Dr Layla Mahdi, a senior lecturer in clinical microbiology at The University of South Australia, said: “With climate change driving extreme weather events, enhanced surveillance, public awareness, and clinician education are vital for managing future outbreaks.”
How can you reduce your melioidosis risk?
Health authorities advise reducing your risk of coming into contact with the bacteria that causes the disease by:
- avoiding gardening in wet weather
- wearing gloves and waterproof boots when working somewhere muddy
- covering cuts and sores with waterproof dressings
- showering after working somewhere muddy
- wearing a mask when using a high-pressure hose around soil or spraying high-pressure bore water
- being careful about your foot care if you have diabetes.
