It comes after declining popularity and rising public anger over high prices and a housing shortage, along with in-fighting and party conflicts.

Rise to power and initial popularity

In 2015, he was elected prime minister and, at the time, was seen as a progressive, fresh face who could bring change into Canadian politics. In the months after the election, he had approval rates of over 60 per cent, according to research organisation Angus Reid Institute.

His government also successfully renegotiated the trilateral trade treaty with the United States and Mexico, introduced a carbon tax program, and initiated a reconciliation with Canada’s Indigenous populations.

Popularity declining over time

In the 2019 election, his party retained power with a minority government, which left them reliant on other parties. In months leading up to the election, his approval rating hit a low of 31 per cent in August 2019, while disapproval was at 61 per cent that month, according to the Angus Reid Institute.

“When you have a big personality … you’re going to probably end up rubbing a few people the wrong way after nine years. They’ve just had enough of you.”

International confidence despite local frustration

—Additional reporting by the Australian Associated Press