“His entire life was dedicated to the service of the Lord and of His Church. He taught us to live the values of the Gospel with fidelity, courage, and universal love, especially in favour of the poorest and most marginalised.”

These have been practised over centuries and some date back to ancient Rome.

Confirmation and funeral preparations

The death triggers a nine-day mourning period called the Novendiale.

The College of Cardinals oversees day-to-day business during what’s called the interregnum — the period between the death or resignation of a pope and the election of his successor. They have limited power, and much of the central Church administration grinds to a halt.

Electing a new pope

All cardinals under the age of 80 can take part in the secret ballot. They need a majority of at least two-thirds plus one to elect the new pope, so the voting can take several rounds spread over numerous days.