Governor Josh Shapiro has discreetly granted a reprieve to a death row inmate in Pennsylvania.

This was the first reprieve of Shapiro”s tenure and, although inconsistent with the actions of a number of other state executives, should not come as a surprise. Soon after he took office, Shapiro called on the legislature to repeal the death penalty. He said that his time as attorney general “revealed two undeniable truths about our capital sentencing system: that it is inherently fallible and that its consequences are irreversible.”

In his statement, Shapiro emphasized that while those sentenced to death “have committed the most heinous crimes and deserve to remain incarcerated for life,” he believes that the state “should not engage in carrying out executions.”

This stance by Shapiro contrasts sharply with that of politicians who often leverage the death penalty to bolster their “tough on crime” image.

Last year, the United States recorded 47 executions, marking the highest number since 2010. That year was pivotal for my research for my book, “The Executioner’s Toll, 2010,” which examines executions across the nation.

It is possible that the influence of Donald Trump’s executive order issued at the start of his current term has played a role in the resurgence of state-sanctioned executions. The order declared that “the policy of the United States is to ensure that capital punishment laws are upheld and executed faithfully, counteracting politicians and judges who undermine the law by blocking the execution of capital sentences.”

At least one Trump adherent took the machinery of death and ran with it. Florida’s Gov. Ron DeSantis has presided over a record-breaking surge in capital punishment — 19 executions last year.

Even the U.S. Supreme Court seems poised to expand the application of the death penalty. Not to mention, the Court denied every request to stay an execution in 2025.

In 2002, the Supreme Court ruled in Atkins v. Virginia that the Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution bans, as cruel and unusual punishment, the execution of people who are intellectually disabled. The Court is poised to whittle away at its prior ruling.

Florida’s Supreme Court recently upheld a 2023 state law allowing nonunanimous juries to sentence people to death. Florida law permits capital punishment with a jury recommendation of 8-4 in favor of death, the lowest standard in the nation.

Methods of execution were also controversial. Louisiana adopted nitrogen gas as a method of execution and South Carolina adopted — and used — the firing squad in 2025.

What explains the increase in executions?

Probably not public support. Recent polls show about half of Americans favor executions, but the best evidence of what people really think is found in courtrooms, where jurors have increasingly rejected the punishment.

Only 27 states, the federal government and the U.S. military, still allow the death penalty. This year, prosecutors in just 11 of those states sought the death penalty against a total of 51 people, according to the Death Penalty Information Center. Jurors chose to send just 23 people to death row. Two-thirds of those death sentences came from only three states — Alabama, California, and Florida. To add some perspective, in 1996 alone 315 people were sentenced to death in the United States.

“The increase in this year’s execution numbers was caused by the outlier state of Florida, where the governor set a record number of executions,” said Robin Maher, Executive Director of the Death Penalty Information Center. ​”The data show that the decisions of Gov. DeSantis and other elected officials are increasingly at odds with the decisions of American juries and the opinions of the American public.”

Matthew T. Mangino is of counsel with Luxenberg, Garbett, Kelly & George P.C., New Castle, Pennsylvania.  He is a frequent contributor to Law & Crime News. His book “The Executioner’s Toll, 2010” was released by McFarland Publishing. You can follow him on X @MatthewTMangino.