Why Does My Stomach Hurt? Stomach pain is a prevalent health issue, impacting around 25% of adults in the U.S. every year. Even though periodic discomfort is expected, continuous or intense symptoms could indicate underlying problems. Let’s delve into the reasons behind gastrointestinal (GI) pain, signs that require immediate medical attention, and evidence-supported techniques for alleviation.

Why Does My Stomach Hurt? 3 Common Causes of GI Pain

Abdominal discomfort can feel different depending on the cause. Here’s how to tell what might be behind your stomach pain:

1. Functional Dyspepsia (Chronic Indigestion)

This condition causes recurrent upper abdominal pain, bloating, and nausea during or after meals, despite no structural abnormalities.

• Triggers: Overeating, fatty/spicy foods, caffeine, or stress.
• Management:
  • Eat smaller, frequent meals to avoid stomach distension.
  • Avoid lying down within 2 hours of eating.
  • Practice stress-reduction techniques like yoga or cognitive behavioral therapy.

2. Gastritis (Stomach Lining Inflammation)

Gastritis often arises from Helicobacter pylori infections, chronic NSAID use, or excessive alcohol.

• Symptoms: Burning pain below the ribs, nausea, vomiting, and black stools (indicating bleeding).
• Treatment:
  • Proton pump inhibitors (e.g., omeprazole) to reduce acid.
  • Antibiotics for H. pylori infections.
  • Avoid irritants like alcohol and acidic foods.

3. Food Intolerances and Gut Motility Issues

Conditions like IBS or lactose intolerance disrupt digestion, leading to cramping, diarrhea, or constipation.

• Example: Sarah, a 35-year-old, developed agonizing abdominal pain and alternating diarrhea/constipation after dietary changes, later diagnosed with severe colitis.
• Solutions:
  • Identify trigger foods using a food diary.
  • Try the BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast) during flare-ups.
  • Stay hydrated to ease bowel movements.

When Stomach Pain Is an Emergency

Seek immediate medical care if you experience:

• Severe, unrelenting pain lasting hours
• Blood in stool or vomit (appearing black or coffee-ground-like)
• Inability to pass stool accompanied by vomiting
• Fever with persistent nausea and dehydration

Proven Strategies for GI Pain Relief

Dietary Adjustments

• Limit triggers: Reduce fatty, spicy, or acidic foods; carbonated drinks; and caffeine.
• Boost fiber: Gradually increase intake to 25–30g/day to prevent constipation.
• Try ginger or peppermint: Both ease nausea and cramping.

Lifestyle Modifications

• Exercise regularly: Physical activity reduces stress and improves digestion.
• Prioritize sleep: Aim for 7–9 hours nightly, as fatigue worsens GI symptoms.
• Manage stress: Mindfulness practices like meditation can lower gut sensitivity.

Medical Interventions

• Over-the-counter aids: Antacids for heartburn, simethicone for gas.
• Prescription therapies: Proton pump inhibitors or antibiotics for infections.

While it’s normal to experience occasional stomach pain, ongoing symptoms should not be ignored. By recognizing common triggers and making specific lifestyle adjustments, most individuals can improve their digestive well-being. Sarah’s experience highlights the significance of proactive self-care and seeking guidance from healthcare professionals to manage long-term health conditions. Seek medical advice if symptoms worsen—timely treatment can help prevent complications.