Aid Organizations Alert: Iran Conflict Disrupts Vital Food and Medicine Supply to Millions

TEL AVIV – Humanitarian organizations are voicing serious concerns that the ongoing conflict in the Middle East is severely hindering their efforts to deliver essential food and medical supplies to millions in dire need across the globe. The crisis is poised to escalate if the violence persists.

As hostilities disrupt crucial shipping lanes, the world faces an emerging energy crisis. This upheaval is further complicating the supply chains relied upon by aid organizations, compelling them to resort to more expensive and time-consuming shipping routes.

Strategic passageways such as the Strait of Hormuz have been effectively closed, while routes from key logistics centers like Dubai, Doha, and Abu Dhabi are also severely affected. As transport expenses soar due to increased fuel and insurance costs, aid agencies are struggling to deliver the same quantity of supplies with their existing budgets.

The World Food Program reports significant delays, with tens of thousands of metric tons of food stuck in transit. Similarly, the International Rescue Committee faces challenges with $130,000 worth of pharmaceuticals intended for conflict-ridden Sudan sitting idle in Dubai. Furthermore, nearly 670 boxes of therapeutic food for malnourished children in Somalia are held up in India. The U.N. Population Fund also faces setbacks, with equipment shipments to 16 countries postponed.

These logistical hurdles are compounded by substantial cuts in U.S. foreign aid, which had already strained many aid organizations. The ongoing conflict is further intensifying these existing challenges, making the delivery of critical assistance increasingly difficult.

The United Nations says this is the most significant supply chain disruption since COVID, with up to a 20% cost increase on shipments and delays as goods are rerouted. And the war is creating new emergencies, such as in Iran, and also in Lebanon where at least one million people have been displaced.

“The war on Iran and disruption to the Strait of Hormuz risk pushing humanitarian operations beyond their limits,” said Madiha Raza, associate director for public affairs and communications for Africa for the International Rescue Committee.

Even when the fighting stops, the shock to global supply chains could continue to delay lifesaving aid for months, she said.

Longer and more costly routes

The war has forced organizations to find new ways to transport goods, with some bypassing the Strait of Hormuz and the Suez Canal and rerouting vessels around Africa, adding weeks to the delivery.

Others are using a hybrid of methods, including land, sea and air, increasing costs.

Jean-Cedric Meeus, chief of global transport and logistics for UNICEF, said his agency is using a mix of land and air routes to send vaccines to Nigeria and Iran in order to get them there in time for the vaccination campaigns, but the costs have soared.

Before the war, UNICEF sent vaccines to Iran by plane directly from vendors around the world. Now it’s flying the vaccines to Turkey and driving them into Iran, which has increased costs by 20% and has added 10 days to the delivery time, he said.

Save the Children International, which would normally send supplies by ocean freight from Dubai to Port Sudan, will now have to truck the goods from Dubai through Saudi Arabia and then by barge across the Red Sea, it said. The route adds 10 days and increases costs by about 25%, at a time when over 19 million Sudanese face acute food insecurity. The delay puts more than 90 primary health care facilities across Sudan at risk of running out of essential medicines, it said.

The spike in prices also means organizations have to choose what to prioritize.

“In the end, you sacrifice either the number of children that you serve … or you sacrifice the number of items that you can afford to buy,” said Janti Soeripto, president of Save the Children for the United States. The group said it has stockpiles in countries where it works but some of those could run out within weeks.

Rising costs are also impacting people’s ability to seek help within their countries.

Doctors Without Borders said rising fuel prices across Somalia — where some 6.5 million people are experiencing acute food insecurity — have driven up transport and food costs, making it harder for people to get care. In Nigeria, the IRC says fuel prices have surged by 50% and clinics are struggling to power equipment, such as generators and mobile health teams have scaled back operations.

Hunger crisis could deepen

One of the biggest concerns is the impact the war will have on global hunger.

WFP warns that if the conflict continues through June, 45 million more people will be acutely hungry, adding to nearly 320 million people facing hunger around the world.

Some 30% of the world’s fertilizer comes through the Strait of Hormuz and with planting season ahead in areas like East Africa and South Asia, small farmers in poor countries will be hard hit. Sudan imports more than half its fertilizer from the Gulf and Kenya approximately 40% from there, aid groups say.

The U.N. secretary-general has established a task force to facilitate fertilizer trade — modeled on the Black Sea Grain Initiative. But aid groups say that won’t be enough. If there’s no ceasefire, governments need to provide more funding for organizations to respond to the rising costs, they say.

Humanitarian experts say there’s been a slower international response to fund aid during this war compared to previous conflicts like Ukraine, which could reflect growing pressure to invest in security over aid at a time when the world is in turmoil.

“They’re making hard choices between defense security and humanitarian aid,” said Sam Vigersky, an international affairs fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations who has written about the war’s impact on aid.

He said when the U.S. goes to war, it normally has provisions for aid, but hasn’t been “activating” those provisions. “It’s not a capacity issue, it’s a policy decision,” he said.

Tommy Pigott, principal deputy spokesperson for the U.S. State Department, said that the U.S. has been the “most generous country in the world” when it comes to humanitarian aid.

The department said it’s releasing an additional $50 million in emergency assistance to Lebanon, including to the World Food Program and working closely with the United Nations and others to address the humanitarian needs.

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Associated Press writer Edith M. Lederer contributed from the United Nations