WASHINGTON (NEXSTAR) –  Some of the biggest names in tech are testifying before the Senate as lawmakers explore how the United States can strengthen its position in artificial intelligence. The goal: maximize innovation and ensure long-term advancements in AI.

“How close is China to us?” asked Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas.)

“It’s very hard to say how far ahead we are,” responded OpenAI CEO Sam Altman. “But I would say not a huge amount of time.”

Altman, alongside executives from Microsoft and Advanced Micro Devices, warned senators that the U.S. is in a tight AI race with China.

“The number one factor that will define whether the United States or China wins this race is whose technology is most broadly adopted in the rest of the world,” said Brad Smith, vice chair and president of Microsoft.

Sen. Cruz emphasized Congress’ role in charting a path forward, noting private AI investment in the U.S. has surged to more than $109 billion, nearly 12 times higher than China’s $9.3 billion.

“Do we go down the path that embraces our history of entrepreneurial freedom and technological innovation?” Cruz asked. “Or do we adopt the command and control policies of Europe?”

New Jersey Sen. Andy Kim raised concerns about the AI talent pipeline in the U.S.

“I think we do have a very talented overall base,” said AMD CEO Dr. Lisa Su. “But we also have the desire to have the best. And that includes not only U.S. nationals, but also international.”

“Drawing from that pool,” Kim responded.

Executives encouraged lawmakers to modernize regulations to support computing infrastructure and AI development, and to expand AI chip exports.

“I think you in Congress and the Senate can help the White House and the Department of Commerce get this right,” Smith said.