In a bold move that has sparked significant debate, the Trump administration revealed plans on Thursday to initiate new oil drilling operations off the coasts of California and Florida for the first time in decades. This initiative, which has raised concerns among environmentalists and local communities, is part of President Donald Trump’s broader strategy to enhance U.S. oil production.

The oil industry has long advocated for the exploration of new offshore areas, including those near Southern California and off the Florida coast, as a means to bolster the nation’s energy security and create jobs. Drilling in federal waters of the eastern Gulf of Mexico, which encompasses regions off Florida and parts of Alabama, has been restricted since 1995 due to the persistent threat of oil spills. Although California hosts some offshore oil rigs, no new federal leases have been issued since the mid-1980s.

Since his re-election in January, President Trump has actively sought to overturn initiatives by former President Joe Biden that aimed to mitigate climate change. Instead, Trump has focused on establishing U.S. “energy dominance” in the global arena. Describing climate change as “the greatest con job ever perpetrated on the world,” Trump has established a National Energy Dominance Council, directing it to boost U.S. energy production, especially in fossil fuels like oil, coal, and natural gas.

In stark contrast, the administration has hindered the growth of renewable energy by obstructing offshore wind projects and canceling substantial grants that supported clean energy ventures nationwide.

The announcement of the offshore drilling plan has already encountered fierce resistance, particularly from California Governor Gavin Newsom, a Democrat and vocal Trump critic. Newsom, who may be contemplating a presidential bid in 2028, dismissed the proposal as “dead on arrival” in a social media statement. The proposal is expected to face bipartisan opposition in Florida as well, where tourism and pristine beaches are vital to the local economy.

Plans to allow drilling off California, Alaska and Florida’s coast

The administration’s plan proposes six offshore lease sales off the coast of California.

It also calls for new drilling off the coast of Florida in areas at least 100 miles from that state’s shore. The area targeted for leasing is adjacent to an area in the Central Gulf of Mexico that already contains thousands of wells and hundreds of drilling platforms.

The five-year plan also would compel more than 20 lease sales off the coast of Alaska, including a newly designated area known as the High Arctic, more than 200 miles offshore in the Arctic Ocean.

All offshore areas “with the potential to generate jobs, new revenue and additional production to advance America’s energy dominance should be considered for inclusion,” the American Petroleum Institute and other groups said in a joint letter to the Trump administration in June.

The groups cited California’s history as an oil-producing state. “Undiscovered resources could be readily produced given the array of existing infrastructure in the area, particularly in southern California,” the letter said.

Opposition from California and Florida

Sen. Rick Scott, a Florida Republican and Trump ally, helped persuade Trump officials to drop a similar offshore plan in 2018 when he was governor. Last week, Scott and fellow Florida Republican Sen. Ashley Moody’ co-sponsored a bill to maintain a moratorium on offshore drilling in the state that Trump signed in his first term.

“As Floridians, we know how vital our beautiful beaches and coastal waters are to our state’s economy, environment and way of life,″ Scott said in a statement. “I will always work to keep Florida’s shores pristine and protect our natural treasures for generations to come.”

A Newsom spokesman said Trump officials had not formally shared the plan, but said “expensive and riskier offshore drilling would put our communities at risk and undermine the economic stability of our coastal economies.”

California has been a leader in restricting offshore oil drilling since the infamous 1969 Santa Barbara spill that helped spark the modern environmental movement. While there have been no new federal leases offered since the mid-1980s, drilling from existing platforms continues.

Newsom expressed support for greater offshore controls after a 2021 spill off Huntington Beach and has backed a congressional effort to ban new offshore drilling on the West Coast.

A Texas-based company, with support from the Trump administration, is seeking to restart production in waters off Santa Barbara damaged by a 2015 oil spill. The administration has hailed the plan by Houston-based Sable Offshore Corp. as the kind of project Trump wants to increase U.S. energy production as the federal government removes regulatory barriers.

Trump signed an executive order on the first day of his second term reversing former President Joe Biden’s ban on future offshore oil drilling on the East and West coasts. A federal court later struck down Biden’s order to withdraw 625 million acres of federal waters from oil development.

Environmental and economic concerns over oil spills

Democratic lawmakers, including California Sens. Alex Padilla and Adam Schiff and Rep. Jared Huffman, the top Democrat on the House Natural Resources Committee, warned that opening vast coastlines to new offshore drilling “would devastate coastal economies, jeopardize our national security, ravage coastal ecosystems, and put millions of Americans’ health and safety at risk.”

Oil spills “not only cause irreparable environmental damage, but also suppress the value of coastal homes, harm tourism economies and weaken coastal infrastructure,” the lawmakers said in a letter signed by dozens of Democrats. One disastrous oil spill can cost taxpayers billions in lost revenue, cleanup costs and ecosystem restoration, they said.

Joseph Gordon, campaign director for the environmental group Oceana, called the Trump administration’s latest plan “an oil spill nightmare.”

Coastal communities “depend on healthy oceans for economic security and their cherished way of life,” he said. “We need to protect our coasts from more offshore drilling, not put them up for sale to the oil and gas industry. There’s too much at stake to risk more horrific oil spills that will haunt our coastlines for generations to come.”