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Kennedy Says Christa Pike Still Should Not Face Execution

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Cornell Students, Parents Seek Accountability in Jane Doe Rape Case

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ITHACA — More than 100 Cornell University students, alumni, parents and faculty members voiced anger and frustration Thursday night during a meeting focused on the explosive Jane Doe gang-rape case. One student urged her peers to “fight like hell against the administration.”

Several members of the upstate New York campus community wept as they criticized Cornell’s handling of allegations made in 2024 by a former student identified as Jane Doe.

“Survivors need to know they’re supported … through this event, we’ve seen exactly the opposite,” said one student, who disclosed that she had been sexually assaulted two years ago.

“We need to fight like hell against the administration … to my fellow students, speak loud about the wrongdoings that have been done here on campus because if we don’t, we may never be able to again,” she said.

The student government hearing at the prestigious university, which has just over 16,000 undergraduates, came as Jane Doe’s allegations drew national attention this week. The case has raised questions about the response from Cornell, local law enforcement and prosecutors.

In a 101-page lawsuit, Jane Doe alleges that seven members of the Chi Phi fraternity took turns raping her for hours on Oct. 20, 2024, after reportedly giving her ketamine and alcohol. She reported the alleged assault to campus police on Nov. 8. Following a lengthy Title IX investigation, Cornell suspended and expelled some of the students. No criminal charges were filed, however, with prosecutors citing insufficient evidence.

At Thursday night’s meeting, students directed much of their anger toward Cornell’s administration.

“I think the administration should make a statement instead of hiding in Day Hall like the cowards they are,” one student said.

“All I can think about is Jane Doe … How many times did she have to pass her rapists in the hallway? It’s awful,” the student added.

A male senior said he “refuse[s] to accept a degree from a university who allows … people to be treated this way” and insisted that Cornell “has to be accountable within this year.”

“Otherwise there’s going to be an instruction from the top down to sexually assault and practice toxic masculinity,” he said.

The senior said the fraternity system as a whole “[has] a history of ritualizing sexual violence.” A professor and mother of a student called for stronger action, proposing that Cornell “crack down on fraternities on campus and get rid of the ones that consistently violate safety policies and foster other problems.”

A male freshman also criticized fraternity culture, describing one of his first campus experiences this year. He said he encountered another first-year student outside a fraternity house who “wasn’t allowed in” and had been left by her friends because she “didn’t want to suck a d–k.”

“I can’t even tell you how let down I feel,” a student’s mother said before breaking down in tears.

Though she said she was proud of the Cornell community and of Jane Doe, the mother said she was “disgusted that she had to file a civil lawsuit to make her voice heard.”

“We’ve been fighting rape culture my entire life,” said the mother, who turns 50 this year.

“You should be able to go to any college in the country and be safe,” she said. Another speaker added, “No woman should feel unsafe walking at the place where they are receiving their education.”

“They should not feel like all of the evidence and information they give cops won’t make it to the DA’s office,” she said, appearing to refer to a police transcript that the office of Tompkins County District Attorney Matthew Van Houten said it did not receive. In the transcript, Jane Doe reportedly said, “I can say with 100% confidence that I was raped.”

Sophia, a student and member of the ACLU, said Cornell’s student body was facing “a mental health crisis right now.” She argued that students “should not be expected” to keep up with academic responsibilities “while they’re grieving.”

The mother and university professor said she had heard many attendees describe themselves as embarrassed and ashamed to be Cornellians. Even so, she said, “I’m so proud that my child is going here at a time when you all are trying to break the cycle.”

“I don’t want you to be embarrassed. I want you to see the change you can make and make it, because it’s systemic, cultural and it’s been around for a long time,” she said, choking up.

“You are less likely to get help from administrators,” she cautioned. “But I promise you there are faculty and staff on this campus who want to help you.”

“Use this anger…and get to work tomorrow,” she added.

Cornell Rape Allegations Prompt Criminal Probe by NY AG Letitia James

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New York Attorney General Letitia James said Friday that her office has launched an “active criminal investigation” into allegations of a gang rape at Cornell University in 2024.

James made the announcement after New York Gov. Kathy Hochul appointed her independent special prosecutor in the case.

“Every New Yorker deserves to know that when they report a crime, it will be investigated fully and fairly, that they will be seen and heard. That is the promise of our justice system,” James said.

“I stand ready to lead a process guided by the facts and the law,” she added. “In the coming months, my office will dutifully carry out the responsibilities the governor has conferred upon us in this executive order. We will review the facts, gather evidence, interview witnesses and, if warranted, pursue prosecutions. I know that you want answers. I do too.”

New York Governor Kathy Hochul and New York Attorney General Letitia James attend a press conference regarding an investigation into alleged sexual assault at Cornell University, in New York City, US, October 2, 2026.

New York Gov. Kathy Hochul and New York Attorney General Letitia James attend a news conference on an investigation into alleged sexual assault at Cornell University in New York City on Oct. 2, 2026. (REUTERS/Jeenah Moon)

Hochul signed an executive order Thursday naming James special prosecutor, pointing to “serious questions about the investigation conducted by the Cornell Police Department and the decision by the Tompkins County District Attorney not to prosecute an alleged sexual assault on Cornell University’s campus in October 2024.”

A woman identified in court filings as Jane Doe filed a civil lawsuit in September alleging that seven members of Cornell’s Chi Phi fraternity sexually assaulted and raped her.

Doe’s complaint alleges that members of the fraternity’s Xi chapter “plied” her with alcohol and drugs until she became intoxicated, leading to her “being sexually assaulted and raped by members of Xi chapter’s regional fraternal organization at Cornell University.”

The Tompkins County district attorney previously reviewed the matter and decided not to file criminal charges.

In a Sept. 28, 2026 statement, the District Attorney’s Office said Doe’s sworn statement from November 2024 “did not allege that she was drugged against her will or gang raped.” Instead, the office said, the statement characterized her drug use and sexual conduct as voluntary, conscious and consensual. The office also said it could not have relied on allegations from a civil lawsuit filed nearly two years later.

THE FRAT OMERTÀ: WHISTLEBLOWER WARNS OF ‘CODE OF SILENCE’ AFTER OLE MISS DEATHS, ALLEGED PENN STATE COKE RING

Cornell said in a statement to Fox News after Friday’s news conference that it “fully support[s] the appointment of a special prosecutor and efforts to change New York State’s rape law.” The university also said it would conduct an independent external review of how it handled the case.

The New York attorney general’s office and the Tompkins County district attorney’s office did not immediately respond to News Media’s requests for comment.

Hochul cited a New York Times report that said Doe told Cornell police she had been raped, but that allegation was omitted from the voluntary statement the department forwarded to prosecutors. “According to new reports, [Jane Doe] could not have been clearer that she was 100% confident that she had been raped,” Hochul said.

Hochul questioned why the allegation was not escalated to prosecutors and why Doe was not interviewed by the district attorney. “The attorney general then declined to pursue charges after reviewing that incomplete account and never interviewing her,” she said. “Think about that. In what world would the police learn from a victim that she’d been literally gang raped while intoxicated by five men in a fraternity house, and not elevate those allegations to the district attorney? In what world does the district attorney not even interview her or anyone else involved, or even request the full transcript?”

New York Governor Kathy Hochul and New York Attorney General Letitia James attend a press conference regarding an investigation into alleged sexual assault at Cornell University, in New York City, US, October 2, 2026.

New York Gov. Kathy Hochul and New York Attorney General Letitia James attend a news conference on an investigation into alleged sexual assault at Cornell University in New York City on Oct. 2, 2026. (REUTERS/Jeenah Moon)

Matthew Van Houten, the Tompkins County district attorney, said he had not been told that the statement provided to his office was inaccurate or incomplete.

“I have never been contacted by Jane Doe’s attorneys. Not to inform me the original statement was inaccurate and not to ask me to reconsider our decision,” Van Houten wrote. He said he contacted Doe’s attorneys after the lawsuit was filed to ask about the differences between the original statement and the allegations in the complaint and to determine the appropriate next steps.

Students on Libe Slope at the Cornell University campus in Ithaca, US, on Tuesday, April 11, 2023.

Students gather on Libe Slope at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, on April 11, 2023. (Bing Guan/Bloomberg via Getty Images)

Hochul also said Cornell has reopened its own investigation alongside James’ criminal inquiry.

U.S. September Hiring Falls Short of Forecasts, Jobs Report Shows

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Hiring slowed sharply in September, falling well short of expectations as months of elevated inflation weighed on consumers and unsettled bond markets, according to the federal government’s latest jobs report.

U.S. employers added 29,000 jobs in September, down significantly from the 162,000 jobs created in August, data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics showed. Economists had forecast an increase of 84,000 jobs.

The unemployment rate edged higher, rising from 4.1% to 4.2%.

September’s job growth also fell below the average monthly increase of 45,000 jobs recorded over the previous 12 months.

Healthcare led all sectors in job creation, adding 17,000 positions in September. Even so, the increase was well below the industry’s average monthly gain of 33,000 jobs over the prior year, according to BLS data.

Manufacturing employment posted a modest gain of 9,000 jobs last month. The sector has now added 72,000 jobs since reaching a recent low in December 2025.

The jobs figures arrived several weeks after the Federal Reserve delivered its first interest-rate increase in three years. The move is intended to curb rising prices, but higher borrowing costs could eventually slow business investment and hiring.

The economy has also displayed other signs of pressure in recent months, including a selloff in bonds and renewed increases in oil and gasoline prices.

Consumer sentiment fell last month to a level near the lowest point ever recorded in the University of Michigan survey’s 74-year history.

Even with those challenges, the labor market has remained relatively resilient so far this year.

The U.S. economy added roughly 80,000 jobs per month on average during the first eight months of the year, according to an analysis of BLS data by financial services firm Raymond James. That pace exceeded the firm’s projection of 70,000 monthly jobs gains for the period.

The war in Iran pushed gasoline prices higher and sent inflation to a three-year peak. Price pressures eased during the summer, but ongoing fighting has kept inflation well above prewar levels.

Annual inflation stood at 3.4% in August, the latest month available, leaving the rate more than a percentage point above the Federal Reserve’s 2% target.

The combination of persistent inflation and a durable labor market led the Fed to raise interest rates by a quarter of a percentage point last month.

Investors put the odds of another rate increase in October at 20%, according to CME Group’s FedWatch Tool, which tracks market expectations.

“The plain fact is that inflation is too high and has been for too long,” Fed Chair Kevin Warsh said at a news conference in Washington, D.C., last month.

The central bank’s policy could nevertheless weaken hiring and push the unemployment rate higher, although the effects of interest-rate changes typically emerge only after a delay of several months.

By several measures, however, the economy continues to show strength.

Gross domestic product expanded during the three months ending in June, defying concerns that the Iran war would trigger a downturn. Consumer spending, which represents about two-thirds of U.S. economic activity, climbed 0.6% in August from July, marking its biggest monthly increase since March 2025, government data released Wednesday showed.

Copyright © 2026 ABC News Internet Ventures.

Kennedy Center Honors to Move to Capital One Arena Amid Dispute Over Adding Trump’s Name

The 2026 Kennedy Center Honors will be held at Washington’s Capital One Arena rather than the riverfront Kennedy Center, which has become the focus of a legal dispute over President Donald Trump’s name being added to the building.

The 49th annual ceremony is scheduled for the downtown arena, a Kennedy Center spokesperson confirmed Friday. Few additional details were available, and the center did not explain why the event was moved.

The center’s board voted last month to close the iconic performing arts venue on the Potomac River waterfront after a federal judge barred the institution from restoring Trump’s name to the building.

Trump has said on social media that the center required safety repairs. However, he also said the work would proceed only if the board could advance plans to add his name to the facility.

A federal judge has rejected that position twice, ruling that the change cannot take place without congressional approval. Congress has allocated $257 million for repairs.

Trump hosted the 2025 honors, which recognized Sylvester Stallone, George Strait and other honorees. During the ceremony, he said he would rename the venue the “Trump Kennedy Center,” and workers began adding his name to the building soon afterward.

The center’s board of trustees, whose members were appointed by Trump, unanimously approved the change. The decision has faced legal challenges ever since.

Congress established the performing arts center as a living memorial to John F. Kennedy in 1964, one year after his assassination.

The law explicitly prevents the board of trustees from turning the center into a memorial for anyone else or placing another person’s name on the building’s exterior.

Established in 1978, the Kennedy Center Honors celebrate lifetime contributions to American culture through the performing arts. The 2026 honorees will be announced later, the spokesperson said. The ceremony is scheduled for Dec. 7.

Copyright 2026 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without permission.

Elon Musk’s Baby Mama Shivon Zilis Says He Ended Their Relationship

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Shivon Zilis, the longtime partner of Elon Musk and mother of four of his children, says the billionaire ended their relationship suddenly and without warning. “It’s hard to go from in love to let go in a week,” the Neuralink executive wrote.

Zilis shared her emotional account in an extended post on X on Friday, describing herself as “hurting.” Her message came only hours after social media users noticed that Musk had unfollowed her on the platform he owns.

“I’ve loved him more than life itself,” Zilis, 40, wrote. She said Musk had given her “100 lifetimes of knowledge” and filled her life with meaning, making the breakup especially painful. Still, she added, the two had created “four beautiful little loves of my life.”

Zilis said she remains profoundly grateful for their children, who she described as making every day the best of her life. She also expressed hope that she and Musk could eventually maintain a strong friendship and successfully co-parent.

She said she was glad to have shown Musk what it felt like to be deeply understood, cared for and loved in a calm, stable and gentle relationship.

“I loved being that counterbalancing place of safety, sense of calm, and love,” Zilis continued, adding that she took joy in helping him smile when he was struggling. “I will miss him dearly.”

Zilis, who is the mother of four of Musk’s 14 children, appeared to suggest that the split caught her off guard. Alongside her statement, she posted a screenshot of affectionate text messages exchanged by the pair just one week earlier.

Elon Musk's longtime love and baby mama Shivon Zilis revealed on Friday the billionaire abruptly ended their relationship 'with no warning.' The couple are pictured back in February

Shivon Zilis, Elon Musk’s longtime partner and the mother of four of his children, said Friday that the billionaire ended their relationship “with no warning.” The pair are pictured together in February.

“I’m hurting, but care deeply about E and will always be cheering for his happiness,” Zilis wrote. “God speed, Elon. The world is lucky to have you.”

Musk, 55, has not publicly addressed the reported breakup.

A possible indication that tensions had emerged came on September 28, when Zilis posted the cryptic message: “New day, new life.”

Later on Friday, Big Tech Alert, an account that monitors the social media activity of prominent technology figures, reported that Musk had unfollowed Zilis.

The Tesla founder follows only about 1,400 accounts on X, making the change particularly noticeable to online observers.

The reported split follows Zilis’s appearance as a witness earlier this year in Musk’s legal battle with OpenAI.

Born in Ontario, Canada, and a Yale University graduate, Zilis first met Musk through OpenAI, the artificial intelligence company he helped co-found in 2015.

Zilis, who is the mother of four of Musk's 14 kids, hinted she was blindsided by the breakup - sharing a screenshot of loved-up text messages the pair had exchanged just last week

Zilis, who shares four of Musk’s 14 children, suggested she had been blindsided by the breakup after posting a screenshot of affectionate messages the pair exchanged just days earlier.

Zilis, who is the mother of four of Musk's 14 kids, hinted she was blindsided by the breakup. They are pictured in February last year meeting Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in Washington, DC

Zilis appeared to indicate that the separation came unexpectedly. She and Musk are pictured meeting Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in Washington, DC, in February last year.

During her testimony, Zilis said their relationship began with “a one-off” encounter at a corporate off-site event before developing into a friendship.

She later joined Tesla, working as a project director on the company’s Autopilot team from 2017 to 2019. She subsequently became director of operations and special projects at Musk’s brain-implant company, Neuralink.

Zilis told the jury that, after deciding to have children as a single mother, Musk offered to provide a donation as a platonic sperm donor.

Their twins, Strider and Azure, were born by IVF in November 2021. News of their third child, Arcadia, surfaced in June 2024. Their son, Seldon Lycurgus, followed in February 2025.

The Daily Mail has reached out to Zilis and Musk.

More to follow. 

Tom Cruise’s Digger Ending Explained: What It Really Means

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Even before “Digger” reached theaters, speculation was swirling that its marketing campaign had concealed a major plot development. Once critics began seeing the film, those suspicions were confirmed—without revealing the twist itself. Reviews suggested the surprise would divide audiences, and the early response indicates the $125 million Tom Cruise vehicle may rank among the more controversial entries in his career. Some critics have applauded its willingness to take a bold risk, while others have recoiled from its political satire.

The film’s awards prospects appear to have evaporated outside the technical categories, while its commercial outlook is equally grim. Reports suggest “Digger” could earn as little as $9 million in its U.S. opening weekend. At that level, even a top-five debut could be difficult—and the result would represent a flop on an extraordinary scale.

What follows examines the twist arriving roughly 30 minutes into “Digger” and the way it reframes the film’s alternate-history, near-future world—one devastated by climate change—through to its exceptionally bleak conclusion. Major spoilers follow, so continue only if you have watched the movie or are willing to have its most unexpected turn revealed. The trailers already promise an apocalyptic story; the reality is considerably stranger.

What you need to remember about the plot of Digger

About 30 minutes in, oil magnate Digger Rockwell (Cruise) sits down with the terminally ill U.S. president (John Goodman). Their conversation reveals that a 400-foot ice shelf called Judy, roughly the size of Washington, D.C., is about to wash ashore near Oslo, unleashing a climate disaster across Europe. Outside, a tree topples in slow motion while a runner repeatedly jumps in place to compensate. The scene is not an actual record of events but part of a satirical play being rehearsed within the film—a reveal that even the review process kept under wraps.

Alejandro González Iñárritu previously turned backstage turmoil into Oscar success with 2014’s Best Picture winner “Birdman,” and “Digger” operates as something of a spiritual follow-up. The story follows the final, increasingly chaotic preparations before the play’s opening night. Actor Curtis Markson (Cruise) cannot settle into the role, despite watching 300 hours of interviews with the real Rockwell, who was reportedly a more “composed, seductive psychopath” than the loud, Foghorn Leghorn-like figure portrayed onstage. Curtis is also distracted by news that his daughter’s flight from Jamaica has disappeared in a Category 5 storm.

Opening night goes well. The audience cheers when Digger dies by suicide, only for Curtis to learn afterward that his daughter is safe. The spectators remain in their seats as an announcement instructs them to raise their compulsory air-filtration masks to level four before returning to the dystopian streets of New York.

The timeline of Digger

The production is a revival of “Fossil Fools,” a play that first premiered in London’s West End 25 years earlier. Digger’s nephew, Kenny (Jesse Plemons), attended that original opening as a teenager. Because a child actor portrays Kenny inside the play, the timeline suggests the revival takes place approximately five to 10 years after the Judy disaster, although no exact dates are given. That ambiguity leaves open the possibility that this world represents our own future if fossil-fuel extraction continues unchecked. The revival’s director (Sophie Wilde) calls the production “cathartic” for its audience.

In the day after Judy’s arrival, the president shifts responsibility onto his vice president (Michael Stuhlbarg), dispatching him to Europe to face angry members of the EU Parliament. Scientist Ganesh (Riz Ahmed) receives authorization to disclose that Digger knew about the threat but refused to act because doing so would have cost him billions. When Digger addresses the public, he presents himself as the man who supplied the energy people demanded for lifestyles they already knew were unsustainable.

After leaving Parliament, a drunken Ganesh reveals an even greater danger: a 700-square-mile ice shelf named Kimberly is heading toward the Alaskan coast. Beneath it lies a “concentrated nuclear reservoir,” created by toxic waste dumped by the Russians. The United States renames the threat “Kremlinova,” apparently to create a pretext for war, and then bombs it. The attack merely breaks the shelf into 20 smaller icebergs—bringing the catastrophe closer to home rather than eliminating it.

The post-disaster years

“Fossil Fools” then jumps ahead five years. Digger and his environmentally minded half-sister Emma (Sandra Hüller) have been living on one of his oil rigs off Alaska. Short of cash, Digger begins selling Emma’s renewable-energy company. During the call, he learns that the new U.S. president—possibly the former vice president played by Stuhlbarg, though the film never confirms it—has finally ended the subsidies supporting his isolated existence.

Digger’s staff and military escort have abandoned the rig, taking most of its food, water and gold with them. Only a handful of chefs remain, along with the former president’s body, stored inside a drinks refrigerator. The film never establishes exactly how long he has been dead, leaving open the possibility that the collapse of Digger’s support network occurred only after his death.

Digger releases the ashes of his long-dead cat, Maggie, into the swollen waters below before jumping to his death. The world outside shows little sign of recovery. The final views of New York depict a high-tech authoritarian society, complete with mask-monitoring systems, surveillance drones, robotic patrols and grim news broadcasts projected across screens in the sky.

One of the last images is a piece of Orwellian graffiti declaring, “compliance is freedom.” Against that backdrop, the audience’s enthusiastic reaction to watching one of the men responsible plunge to his death becomes easier to understand. For them, the play offers a rare chance to release years of fear and anger.

Why is Kenny producing the play?

This is where “Digger” finds its sharpest satirical idea, even if it does not fully develop it. Kenny’s connection to the production has been concealed behind his title as producer, but he eventually tells the exhausted cast that he first saw “Fossil Fools” as a teenager and cheered when the character based on his uncle died. Kenny is now a billionaire who owns a private-security company, and he insists he has no interest in hiding his family’s crimes. His motives, however, are plainly less virtuous than he suggests.

Years earlier, Kenny purchased the rights to the play and hired a director and writer to revise the original script. He spared no expense on the cast or production design, aiming to create an event compelling enough to draw people out of their homes and into the dangerous world beyond. The unspoken advantage is far more calculating: by controlling the play, Kenny can also control how the public remembers his family. That makes Curtis’s concern about turning Rockwell into a cartoonish villain especially significant.

The original Digger appears to have been a “composed, seductive psychopath.” Kenny’s revival transforms him into a simplistic, almost absurdly foolish villain, creating a convenient distinction between the billionaire who came before and the supposedly enlightened heir who now presents himself as an arts patron. It is a deeply cynical public-relations strategy: rewrite the family’s legacy, redirect blame and rehabilitate the Rockwell name in a world destroyed by its wealth.

Is Fossil Fools even a good show?

Iñárritu appears interested in exploring how art can be compromised by the people who finance and control it. Yet that concept becomes less forceful as the film spends more time inside the play itself. Even allowing for the fact that revivals rarely reproduce an original production exactly, the evidence increasingly suggests that this version of “Fossil Fools” has softened and distorted its satire into broad cartoon comedy.

During a rehearsal, Curtis learns that the script has been changed at the last possible moment—even though the company is already in final dress rehearsal. The pages are filled with deletions, reinforcing his fear that the character is drifting further from reality. The director’s passionate insistence that someone from Curtis’s generation would not “get” the satire makes the manipulation unmistakable. The play is being reshaped to provide audiences with a convenient historical villain for the disasters surrounding them.

By the end, “Fossil Fools” has effectively become propaganda. It blames figures long since dead for the present crisis, even though their decisions did not directly create the totalitarian regime now in power. They helped establish the conditions for a ruined society, but they did not build its dictatorship. The people who control money, influence and culture have instead used the play to shape public memory—and to ensure they are not held accountable for making an already damaged world even worse.

AI Deciphers Napoleon’s Coded Letter 217 Years After It Was Written

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A cryptic letter linked to Napoleon Bonaparte has been deciphered for the first time in more than two centuries.

The message was sent in 1809 to French general Auguste de Marmont by Napoleon’s stepson, Eugène, who served as Viceroy of Italy.

After an opening sentence in French, the following 24 lines descend into a jumble of two-digit numbers, isolated letters and unfamiliar symbols.

The original document would likely have been accompanied by a cipher key, but that guide disappeared long ago, leaving the letter’s contents undeciphered.

Carter Church, an engineer with cybersecurity firm SentinelOne, has now solved the puzzle with the help of artificial intelligence.

“I used GPT–6 Astra to break an unsolved cipher to one of Napoleon’s generals that had gone unread for 217 years. What makes this impressive isn’t actually the codebreaking, but that Astra completed the entire multi-modal workflow in six hours from a single image and goal,” he wrote on X.

A mysterious letter written by Napoleon Bonaparte has been decoded for the first time after more than 200 years

A cryptic letter associated with Napoleon Bonaparte has been decoded after more than 200 years

Napoleon’s decoded message

“[Those letters] contained the orders and instructions which [His Majesty] charged me to give you. I hasten today to acquaint you with the disposition of French and allied armies. The Duke of Danzig, at the head of forty thousand Bavarians, occupies Munich and Passau. Prince Poniatowski, at the head of thirty thousand Poles, is camped on the Vistula, threatening Cracow. The Prince of Ponte-Corvo commands the Saxon army, camped in front of Dresden, and the Duke of Auerstaedt occupies Bayreuth with eighty thousand French troops. The Duke of Rivoli commands sixty thousand men quartered at Ulm and Donauwörth. [General] Oudinot, with the elite corps comprising forty thousand men, is at Augsburg and along the Lech.”

“The Russians are marching against Austria, and the army [of] Friuli today numbers eighty thousand men. Add the Dalmatian corps, without counting the reserves being organised everywhere in the rear, and you see that Austria will be attacked at once on every side. She is consequently hastening toward her ruin. When you receive the order to march, you must not allow yourself to be intimidated by a few troops or a gathering of rabble.”

“I continue to await news from you with impatience. The Austrians are still at Laybach, Klagenfurth, Villach and Salzburg, and appear to threaten the Tyrol by way of Lintz. Yet one would think that they are considering sending troops into Galicia to oppose the Russians. These dispositions would suggest that their campaign plan has been upset before war has even been declared. There is, however, still nothing definite. The militia have been called into active service, and although efforts have been made to excite people, it has not yet been proved that these levies will provide much reinforcement for the army.”

On March 16, 1809, Napoleon wrote from Paris to Eugène, asking him to forward a letter to Auguste de Marmont, an ally of the Emperor whose forces were stationed in Dalmatia, across the Adriatic.

Because Austrian territory separated Marmont from the other French armies, his troops risked being cut off if war broke out.

The letter begins in French with the sentence: “Vous avez dû recevoir, Monsieur le Général Marmont, mes lettres des 8, 14 et 20 courant.”

The line translates as: “You must have received, General Marmont, my letters of the 8th, 14th and 20th of this month.”

But because the remainder was written in an elaborate code, the message behind it remained unknown.

Church enlisted GPT-6 Astra, an artificial intelligence model developed by OpenAI, to investigate the cipher.

After six hours of analysis, the AI had reconstructed the hidden message.

“Astra cut the 1,202 by 1,836 plate into rows, read the signs, decided which of 175 hand–drawn marks were the same sign written twice, and only then began breaking the cipher,” Church wrote in a blog post.

The decoded letter maps the positions of French and allied forces and tells Marmont not to be “intimidated” by his isolated location.

“The Russians are marching against Austria, and the army [of] Friuli today numbers eighty thousand men,” the newly deciphered text states.

‘Add the Dalmatian corps, without counting the reserves being organised everywhere in the rear, and you see that Austria will be attacked at once on every side. 

‘She is consequently hastening toward her ruin. 

‘When you receive the order to march, you must not allow yourself to be intimidated by a few troops or a gathering of rabble.’

To crack it, Mr Church turned to GPT-6 Astra – an AI model created by OpenAI. Over six hours, the bot was able to decipher the message

To crack it, Mr Church turned to GPT-6 Astra – an AI model created by OpenAI. Over six hours, the bot was able to decipher the message

On 16 March 1809, Napoleon (pictured in painting) wrote from Paris to his stepson, Eugene, asking him to send a letter to Auguste de Marmont – a friend of the Emperor, whose troops were positioned in Dalmatia, on the far side of the Adriatic

On 16 March 1809, Napoleon (pictured in painting) wrote from Paris to his stepson, Eugene, asking him to send a letter to Auguste de Marmont – a friend of the Emperor, whose troops were positioned in Dalmatia, on the far side of the Adriatic

According to Mr Church, the cipher itself wasn’t actually difficult to crack. 

However, he admits it would have taken humans much longer than the AI, which was able to whizz through it in just six hours. 

He added: ‘The cipher itself isn’t difficult, and cryptographers could have cracked this easily given the time/energy. 

‘But, the work to transcribe, catalog, translate, then crack is involved and multi-disciplinary.

‘Every field has an unsolved backlog of niche problems that specialists don’t have the bandwidth to tackle. 

‘The takeaway here is that the people shortening those lists will increasingly be outsiders who were simply curious.’ 

WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE NAPOLEONIC WARS?

The start of the 19th century was a time of hostility between France and England, marked by a series of wars. 

Throughout this period, England feared a French invasion led by Napoleon. Ruth Mather explores the impact of this fear on literature and on everyday life.

Following the brief and uneasy peace formalised in the Treaty of Amiens (1802), Britain resumed war against Napoleonic France in May 1803.

The start of the 19th century was a time of hostility between France and England, marked by a series of wars. Throughout this period, England feared a French invasion led by Napoleon (pictured)

The Duke of Wellington (pictured) defeated Napoleon in battle at Waterloo

The start of the 19th century was a time of hostility between France and England, marked by a series of wars. Throughout this period, England feared a French invasion led by Napoleon (left). The Duke of Wellington (right) defeated him in battle

The return to war required the resumption of the mass enlistment of the previous ten years, especially as fears of a Napoleonic invasion once again intensified. 

The Corsican general Napoleon, soon to become emperor, had made no secret of his intentions of invading Britain, and in 1803 he massed his huge ‘Army of England’ on the shores of Calais, posing a visible threat to southern England.

Hostilities were to continue until the British victory at the battle of Waterloo in 1815.  

The Battle of Waterloo was fought on 18 June that year between Napoleon’s French Army and a coalition led by the Duke of Wellington and Marshal Blücher. 

The decisive battle of its age, it concluded a war that had raged for 23 years, ended French attempts to dominate Europe, and destroyed Napoleon’s imperial power forever.

The Battle of Waterloo was fought on 18 June that year between Napoleon’s French Army and a coalition led by the Duke of Wellington (pictured on horseback) and Marshal Blücher

The Battle of Waterloo was fought on 18 June that year between Napoleon’s French Army and a coalition led by the Duke of Wellington (pictured on horseback) and Marshal Blücher

The French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte had escaped from exile in March 1815 and returned to power. 

He decided to go on the offensive, hoping to win a quick victory that would tear apart the coalition of European armies formed against him.

Two armies, the Prussians led by Field Marshal Gebhard von Blücher and an Anglo-Allied force under Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington, were gathering in the Netherlands. 

Together they outnumbered the French. Napoleon’s best chance of success was therefore to keep them apart and defeat each separately.

Attempting to drive a wedge between his enemies, Napoleon crossed the River Sambre on June 15, entering what is now Belgium. 

The next day the main part of his army defeated the Prussians at Ligny and drove them into retreat, with losses of over 20,000 men. French casualties were only half that number.

Pursued by Napoleon’s main force, Wellington fell back towards the village of Waterloo. Unknown to the French, the Prussians, although defeated, were still in good shape. 

They retreated northwards towards Wellington’s position and were able keep in contact with him.

Emboldened by their promise of reinforcements, Wellington decided to stand and fight on June 18 until the Prussians could arrive.  

The victorious allies entered Paris on July 7. Napoleon surrendered to the British and was exiled to St Helena.

10 Most Challenging U.S. Cities for First-Time Homebuyers

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For would-be homeowners, the American dream comes with dramatically different savings timelines depending on location: about three years in Warren, Michigan, but more than six decades in New York City.

A new analysis estimates that a typical household in Warren could accumulate the median down payment for a first-time buyer in roughly three years. In Detroit, the same goal would take close to four years.

New York City ranks as the most challenging major U.S. market for first-time buyers saving for a home. The typical household would need more than 65 years to reach the market’s $265,000 median down payment.

San Francisco follows closely, with an estimated 57-year savings period for a $400,000 median down payment. In Los Angeles, buyers would need about 41.5 years to save the typical $170,500 deposit.

The stark difference reflects more than the price of housing. First-time buyers in the most expensive cities are also making substantially larger down payments: about 30 percent of the purchase price in New York, compared with roughly 5 percent in Detroit and Warren.

‘The time it takes to save up a down payment varies enormously by market,’ said Redfin’s head of economic research Chen Zhao. 

The figures were produced in a Rocket analysis that assumes households save 5 percent of their annual income. Researchers used first-time buyer mortgage data alongside income figures from the 2024 Census.

The outlook is considerably brighter in more affordable markets. Virginia Beach, Fort Worth and Indianapolis each have estimated savings timelines of about 4.3 to 4.4 years. Milwaukee comes in at 4.4 years, followed by Jacksonville at 4.7 years.

The findings underscore the enormous geographic divide in the U.S. housing market. In much of the Midwest, aspiring buyers face far smaller upfront costs than households trying to purchase in some of the nation’s priciest coastal cities.

The findings highlight how sharply the path to homeownership can vary depending on where Americans live, with Midwestern markets offering far smaller upfront hurdles than some of the country's most expensive coastal cities

The findings underscore the enormous geographic divide in the U.S. housing market, with Midwestern buyers facing far smaller upfront costs than households in some of the nation’s priciest coastal cities

Redfin's head of economic research Chen Zhao

Redfin’s head of economic research Chen Zhao

In Warren, the median down payment for a first-time buyer is just $8,797, equal to 5 percent of an implied home price of $175,940.

Detroit is similarly accessible in terms of the upfront payment, with a median deposit of $7,600 on an implied $152,000 home. However, the city’s median household income is significantly lower, at $39,209.

Virginia Beach ranks next, at an estimated 4.3 years. First-time buyers there make a median down payment of $20,450, or 6.3 percent of an implied purchase price of $323,993.

Fort Worth and Indianapolis follow at 4.3 and 4.4 years, respectively. Their median first-time buyer deposits are $17,867 and $14,600.

The remaining cities in the 10 fastest markets include Milwaukee, Jacksonville, Cleveland, Columbus and West Palm Beach. Estimated savings periods in those locations range from 4.4 to 5.3 years.

In New York, the $265,000 median down payment amounts to roughly 30 percent of the implied $883,333 purchase price for a first-time buyer.

San Francisco demands an even larger sum in dollar terms. Its $400,000 median down payment represents about 27 percent of an implied $1.5 million home price.

Boston’s estimated savings timeline is 37.8 years, while Anaheim and San Jose each require about 33.6 years.

New York's $265,000 median down payment is roughly 30 percent of the implied $883,333 purchase price for first-time buyers

New York’s $265,000 median down payment represents roughly 30 percent of the implied $883,333 purchase price for first-time buyers

San Francisco is even more expensive in absolute terms, with a $400,000 median down payment representing about 27 percent of an implied $1.5 million home

San Francisco is even more expensive in absolute terms, with a $400,000 median down payment representing about 27 percent of an implied $1.5 million home

Rocket's chief business officer Bill Banfield

Rocket’s chief business officer Bill Banfield

Rocket’s analysis suggests the size of the deposit itself is a major part of the problem because larger down payments can be necessary on expensive properties to reduce the mortgage enough for the monthly payment to fit within a lender’s debt-to-income requirements.

‘Local home prices are driven by local incomes,’ said Zhao. ‘In more affordable markets, buyers can accumulate a down payment much faster because home prices – and therefore down payment requirements – are significantly lower.’ 

Rocket’s chief business officer Bill Banfield said prospective buyers should understand the typical deposit required in their local market rather than assuming they need to save 20 percent.

‘For anyone hoping to own a home someday, it’s never too early to understand what buyers are putting down in your market and start building a plan,’ said Banfield.

Many first-time buyers are surprised to learn they may qualify for programs that make homeownership more affordable. 

‘Our analysis found that down payments as low as 5 percent to 6 percent are common for conventional loans in some affordable markets,’ said Banfield.

That difference is particularly visible in Detroit, where Redfin premier agent Anne Loehr said most of the first-time buyers she works with put down 5 percent.

In New York, meanwhile, Redfin agent Jason Warner said he is increasingly working with first-time buyers in their late 30s and early 40s after years of renting, while high deposits can also strengthen a buyer’s position with sellers.

In Detroit, most first-time buyers put down 5 percent on a home purchase

In Detroit, most first-time buyers put down 5 percent on a home purchase

Redfin's analysis found that down payments as low as 5 percent to 6 percent are common for conventional loans in some affordable markets

Redfin’s analysis found that down payments as low as 5 percent to 6 percent are common for conventional loans in some affordable markets

‘The price point is so much higher in New York City than it is in most of the country. Since it takes a bit longer for first-time home buyers to save here, I’m now often helping mid-career professionals in their late 30s and early 40s to buy their first home after decades of renting,’ Warner said.

The affordability challenge does not end once a buyer has saved the deposit, either. 

Additional closing costs and prepaids can add thousands of dollars to the cash needed to complete a purchase, while higher mortgage rates can force buyers to put down even more money to keep monthly payments manageable.

Redfin’s research estimates that a median-income household would need roughly $159,000 in cash to buy the typical US home while keeping estimated monthly housing costs below 28 percent of gross income.

That figure could fall to about $144,000 if an eligible seller contribution covered certain closing expenses, but such credits cannot generally be used to satisfy the required down payment.

For buyers in the most expensive markets, the scale becomes even more striking: In San Jose, the analysis estimates that a median-income household would need roughly $1.15 million down to bring the monthly payment on a typical $1.53 million home below the 28 percent threshold.

And mortgage rates can push the hurdle higher still: using a 7.2 percent rate scenario, the national analysis estimates the total cash requirement would rise to about $170,800 without seller assistance, compared with roughly $159,000 under the August assumptions.

The figures illustrate why where a first-time buyer chooses to live can fundamentally alter the amount of time needed to build a deposit – from just a few years in Warren and Detroit to decades in New York, San Francisco and Los Angeles.

Former ‘Scrubs’ Producer’s Trial Begins With Explicit Photos

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Sexually explicit photographs from encounters in which seven women say they were sexually assaulted were shown in open court as attorneys delivered opening statements in the long-delayed trial of “Scrubs” producer Eric Weinberg.

The images depict Weinberg’s accusers in various stages of undress, posing for his camera—sometimes provocatively and, in some cases, with smiles.

“You’re seeing what he’s seeing,” Weinberg’s high-profile lead attorney, Phillip Cohen, told jurors.

According to testimony, Weinberg, 66, invited the women to his palatial Los Feliz home and photographed them between 2014 and 2019 in locations that included the backyard, pool and bedroom.

One series of photographs taken by Weinberg in 2014 featured a woman identified as Kyra smiling and appearing relaxed shortly after she says the producer sexually assaulted her.

Prosecutors said Kyra is known to smile when she feels “nervous.”

Another series showed Weinberg’s hand around the neck of a woman identified as “Johanna,” who prosecutors say had agreed to pose for “tasteful nude photographs” on March 23, 2017.

“At the beginning of the shoot there were no red flags,” prosecutors said. They alleged that changed after the pair moved into an upstairs hallway.

“Weinberg gets closer, he says he likes her breasts, and she notices a change in his eyes. They look like predator eyes,” prosecutor Ariel Anson told the jury.

“There’s not one indication that Weinberg knew of anyone’s fear,” Cohen countered, referring to what the producer could see from behind the camera.

Anson also highlighted photographs taken in the backyard of Avian, a topless woman who is expected to testify that she made “micro-expressions” while continuing to pose half-naked after she was allegedly assaulted.

“She was trying to signal to the camera that she’s not ok,” Anson said.

“Does he know her micro expressions?” Cohen later responded while defending his client.

The defense then displayed a graphic photograph showing Weinberg’s hands and the alleged victim’s hands on intimate parts of her naked body, arguing that the image suggested a consensual encounter.

Weinberg, wearing a blue suit and tie with glasses, watched as the explicit images appeared on a courtroom screen.

In opening statements, attorneys said Weinberg approached the women at places including Starbucks and Ralphs. He introduced himself as a Hollywood producer and amateur photographer seeking subjects.

“All of the information he exchanges in this case leads to Mr. Weinberg. No fake address to his house, no disposable phones, no fake email addresses, he tells them where he works,” Cohen said, arguing that this was “not a sign of a rapist.”

The producer, who also wrote “Californication,” starring David Duchovny, and produced nearly 100 episodes of “Scrubs,” faces 23 charges, including sexual battery and forcible rape.

Weinberg was arrested in October 2022 and initially released on $5 million bail.

A judge revoked his bail later that month after prosecutors filed additional charges. He has remained in Los Angeles County Jail ever since.

The jury is made up of eight men and four women in Downtown Los Angeles. The producer faces life in prison if convicted.

Weinberg claims all the encounters were consensual, based on the women’s conduct, words and actions, according to his defense team.