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Recent statistics from the Australian Bureau of Statistics indicate that individuals born in India now represent the largest group among the 8.33 million people living in Australia who were born abroad.
Prior to 2025, people born in England held the top spot, surpassing those from India, China, New Zealand, and the Philippines.
By June 30, 2025, the leading countries of birth for overseas residents were India with 971,020 people, England with 970,950, China with 732,000, and New Zealand with 638,000.
The report also highlights that the population born overseas has been increasing at a rate of 3 percent annually, which is notably faster than the 1 percent growth rate of the native Australian-born population.
Over a span of two decades, from 2005 to 2025, the proportion of Australian residents born outside the country has risen from 24.2 percent to 32 percent.
Proportions have fluctuated during certain eras such as decreased migration during WWI, the Great Depression and WWII.
The new statistics show that 32 per cent of the overall Australian population are people born overseas, meeting the high levels of migration in 1891 towards the end of the gold rush era.
From the 1970s to 2020 there was a stable increase over the years, until 2021 when the COVID-19 pandemic caused travel restrictions, impacting people moving to and from Australia.
When restrictions were lifted in 2023, the proportion of people born overseas exceeded a 30 per cent increase for the first time since 1893.
The current Australian migration debate centres on reducing high post-pandemic immigration to ease housing pressure, with surveys showing 49 per cent of people favouring such a decrease.
Immigration Minister Tony Burke said in a press conference earlier this month that “post-COVID, we had the sharpest increase”.
“And since then, we’ve been having, with the exception of COVID, the sharpest decrease,” he said.
Bourke said the government was making sure numbers got to “sustainable levels again”.
But in doing that “you need to make sure that you don’t wreck your aged care system”.
“You need to make sure that we don’t end up with our farmers not being able to get people to pick their fruit,” he said.
“All of these things are essential to Australia’s economy.”
It was part of Burke’s strong defence of migration following the Coalition’s recent proposal to overhaul Australia’s migration policy.
“Australia is and should always be a country where we judge you by who you are, not where you’re from.”
“People say they love Australia and I do, and almost everybody on this continent does, modern Australia is what they’re loving, and we are a multicultural nation.
“Half of our doctors are born overseas, 43 per cent of our registered nurses are born overseas.
“Twenty-eight per cent of people working in building and plumbing trades are born overseas.
“What matters is who you are, not where you’re from, and effectively, if we forget the benefits to our nation and to our economy of having a smart tailored migration system, we end up with fewer homes, we would end up with a health system that would collapse.
“We would end up with an age care system that could not provide the care that it needs and that all Australians rely on.
“We are a good country and we should not be setting people against each other.”
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